Essay On 20 Years Of Advancement In Healthcare Science

20 Years of Significant Advances in Healthcare Science and Potential Future Developments Over the last twenty years there have been numerous important advances throughout healthcare science. These have allowed for improved diagnoses and more effective treatments lowering the prevalence of diseases. The first significant advancement discussed in this essay is The Human Genome Project (HGP), an international collaborative research program whose goal was to sequence and map all of the genes (known as the genome) contained within humans. This project has revolutionised the biomedical field and has already inspired further projects. Several techniques were used to achieve this including: †¢ DNA sequencing, used to determine the order of the†¦show more content†¦It also allows us to detect other genetic diseases such as fragile X syndrome, neurofibromatosis, inherited colon cancer and many others. The HGP has allowed researchers to understand how inherited differences in genes can affect the way in which the body responds to certain medications (pharmacogenomics). This has resulted in better treatments and has enabled us to create new drugs that are more suitable for patients, immunotherapy techniques and potential replacement of defective genes using gene therapy. Advances such as targeted cancer therapies have transformed the approach to treating cancer. These are drugs that are able to block specific molecules involved in the growth, progression and spread of cancer and are cytostatic. This differs from standard chemotherapy drugs which are cytotoxic, killing normal and cancerous cells resulting in severe side effects. Targeted drugs can work to: †¢ Block and turn off chemical signals, signal transduction inhibitors block molecules involved in signal transduction, the process in which a cell responds to signals from the environment. In some cancers, the cancerous cells continue to divide without growth factors, signal transduction inhibitors work by preventing this. †¢ Change proteins, some cancers overproduce a particular protein which are sending signals into the cell to cause cell division. For example, the HER2 protein makes tumor cells grow in breast cancer, targeted drugs such asShow MoreRelatedAnalyses of a Career as a Dentist1987 Words   |  8 Pagesmostly of pulling teeth. Anyone with a pair of pliers could do the job. Dentistry has evolved over the years and involves much more than just pulling teeth today. General Dentistry today involves many things including: oral hygiene, filling caries (cavities), root canals, crowns, and making dentures. Some dentists specialize in areas such as orthodontics or oral surgery. 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